ABC of Diabetes provides primary care practitioners with a practical guide to all aspects of diabetes including the aetiology, diagnosis and management of Types 1 and 2 diabetes, detection and prevention, and the organization of care and support.
Advances in diabetes care take place at a rapid rate and this new edition is updated throughout to cover the latest evidence-based information for contemporary practice. A new chapter describes the management of severe and complex obesity complicated by diabetes and the management of patients through bariatric surgery.
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It also covers the growing number of devices and digital technology, including health informatics, that can assist in diabetes care and provides evidence of their benefit. With more links to useful websites and resources online, it is now easier than ever to keep up-to-date with changes.
Drawing on the professional and teaching experience of an expert author team, ABC of Diabetes is an essential guide for general practice, primary care practitioners, diabetes specialist nurses, as well as for medical students and those training in diabetes as a specialty.
Diabetes can affect almost every part of your body. Therefore, you will need to manage your blood glucose levels, also called blood sugar. Managing your blood glucose, as well as your blood pressure and cholesterol, can help prevent the health problems that can occur when you have diabetes.
Knowing your diabetes ABCs will help you manage your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol. Stopping smoking if you smoke will also help you manage your diabetes. Working toward your ABC goals can help lower your chances of having a heart attack, stroke, or other diabetes problems.
Keeping your A1C, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels close to your goals and stopping smoking may help prevent the long-term harmful effects of diabetes. These health problems include heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, nerve damage, and eye disease. You can keep track of your ABCs with a diabetes care record (PDF, 568 KB) . Take it with you on your health care visits. Talk about your goals and how you are doing, and whether you need to make any changes in your diabetes care plan.
Choose fruits and vegetables, beans, whole grains, chicken or turkey without the skin, fish, lean meats, and nonfat or low-fat milk and cheese. Drink water instead of sugar-sweetened beverages. Choose foods that are lower in calories, saturated fat, trans fat, sugar, and salt. Learn more about eating, diet, and nutrition with diabetes.
Brisk walking and swimming are good ways to move more. If you are not active now, ask your health care team about the types and amounts of physical activity that are right for you. Learn more about being physically active with diabetes.
Take your medicines for diabetes and any other health problems, even when you feel good or have reached your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol goals. These medicines help you manage your ABCs. Ask your doctor if you need to take aspirin to prevent a heart attack or stroke. Tell your health care professional if you cannot afford your medicines or if you have any side effects from your medicines. Learn more about insulin and other diabetes medicines.
For many people with diabetes, checking their blood glucose level each day is an important way to manage their diabetes. Monitoring your blood glucose level is most important if you take insulin. The results of blood glucose monitoring can help you make decisions about food, physical activity, and medicines.
Most people with diabetes get health care from a primary care professional. Primary care professionals include internists, family physicians, and pediatricians. Sometimes physician assistants and nurses with extra training, called nurse practitioners, provide primary care. You also will need to see other care professionals from time to time. A team of health care professionals can help you improve your diabetes self-care. Remember, you are the most important member of your health care team.
Feeling stressed, sad, or angry is common when you live with diabetes. Stress can raise your blood glucose levels, but you can learn ways to lower your stress. Try deep breathing, gardening, taking a walk, doing yoga, meditating, doing a hobby, or listening to your favorite music. Consider taking part in a diabetes education program or support group that teaches you techniques for managing stress. Learn more about healthy ways to cope with stress.
Depression is common among people with a chronic, or long-term, illness. Depression can get in the way of your efforts to manage your diabetes. Ask for help if you feel down. A mental health counselor, support group, clergy member, friend, or family member who will listen to your feelings may help you feel better.
Try to get 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night. Getting enough sleep can help improve your mood and energy level. You can take steps to improve your sleep habits. If you often feel sleepy during the day, you may have obstructive sleep apnea, a condition in which your breathing briefly stops many times during the night. Sleep apnea is common in people who have diabetes. Talk with your health care team if you think you have a sleep problem.
The 2023 Standards of Care in Diabetes includes all of ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payers, and others with the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care. The recommendations are based on an extensive review of the clinical diabetes literature, supplemented with input from ADA staff and the medical community at large. The Standards of Care in Diabetes is updated annually, or more frequently online if new evidence or regulatory changes merit immediate incorporation, and is published in Diabetes Care.
Use this weekly log sheet to record your blood glucose, insulin dose, carbohydrates, and notes relevant to your daily life (such as activity, stress, or sickness), to help understand how well your current diabetes care plan is working.
Usar este diario semanal para anotar su glucosa en sangre, dosis de insulina, carbohidratos, y notas relevantes a su vida diaria (como actividad, estrés, o enfermedad), para ayudar a entender qué tan bién está trabajando su plan actual de cuidado de diabetes.
The IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th edition provides detailed information on the estimated and projected prevalence of diabetes, globally, by region, country and territory, for 2021, 2030 and 2045. It draws attention to the growing impact of diabetes across the world and highlights proven and effective actions that governments and policy-makers must urgently take to tackle it.
There were yearly clinic examinations for six years with phone calls alternating every 6 months to update functional and health status. The phone calls continued every 6 months and additional examinations took place at follow-up years eight and ten. In addition, the study collected data and adjudicated major incident health events including cardiovascular events, cancers, fractures, dementia, diabetes, and other illnesses related to hospitalizations and medical expenditures. Follow-up was extended to 16 years. Semi-annual telephone interviews and adjudication of select disease events and deaths continued during this period. In Year 16, there was a continued exam with core study measurements in Memphis and a leg muscle biopsy examination in Pittsburgh.
Significance to Biomedical Research: This clinical research study has been recognized as making a unique contribution to the study of change in body composition and strength in old age and how these changes relate to underlying health conditions and nascent disability. It is one of the few examination studies with large numbers of older African-American participants at baseline. Health ABC has characterized the major weight-related health conditions that might mediate changes in body composition, including diabetes and glucose tolerance, coronary heart disease and stroke, pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and depression. Measures of strength and performance have been followed over the critical decade from age 70-79 and information on physical activity and other health habits has been collected. This study should allow broadening of the perspective on biomedical contributors to independence, function and frailty, major areas of interest at NIA, as well as the interaction of frailty with comorbidity and mortality. This perspective, with increased societal emphasis on health risks of obesity, becomes increasingly important as the proportion of elders grows in the U.S. population.
The study has become a platform for investigators from many institutions beyond the initial field centers and coordinating unit. There are clear guidelines in place for access to the study website and for downloading data for analysis or obtaining DNA or other specimens for further collaboration.
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder which is characterized by insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, and aberrant metabolism in glucose, protein, and lipid. Genetic and environmental factors are the primary causes for diabetes. It is a chronic progressive disease that leads to the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications. This disease afflicts around 5% of the world population by now. However, current oral antidiabetic agents used in orthodox medicine have unmet efficacy and undesirable side effects in patients. Research and development of new remedies for diabetes is in great demand. It is estimated that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is using by 80% of the world population for their primary health care. Therefore, CAM represents one of pivotal options for the therapy for diabetes. Areas of interest in CAM for diabetes include herbal medicines, acupuncture, moxibustion, and other therapies. 2ff7e9595c
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